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If you've ever wondered how software pirates can take software and crack it time and time again, even with security in place, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version small series is for you. Even with today's most advanced methods of defeating piracy in place, it is still relatively easy to crack almost any program in the world. This is mainly due to computer processes' ability to be completely manipulated by an assembly debugger. Using this, you can completely bypass the registration process by making it skip the application's key code verification process without using a valid key. This works because assembly allows you to speak directly to the processor and force a skip over the registration process.
In this Null Byte, let's Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version over how cracking could work in practice by looking at an example program (a program that serves no purpose other than postbox free me to hack). I will not be walking you through how to actually crack a legitimate program, because I can't just crack a program for demonstration, but the techniques applied to my examples should give you the foundation needed to create your own. At that point, it's a test of your morals if you want to use your knowledge for good or bad.
Requirements
Windows (for examples only, debuggers exist across platforms)
A debugger installed: IDA, ollydbg, etc. (ollydbg will be used in examples)
Step 1 Test the Program
First, run the program that you are attempting to reverse engineer and try to activate it with a random key to verify that you need a valid software key to proceed. This is to verify that we can come up with the keys.
Step 2 Run the Program in a Debugger
Run ollydbg.
Open up the program you wish to bypass with ollydbg.
Click the play button to run the program with the debugger attached.
Right click the CPU window, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version, and click Search For > All intermodular calls.
Search for high interest DLLs. GETDLGITEMTEXT, will be for dialog boxes, which get called when you try to enter a software key. By stepping into the function with the debugger, we can examine the registration specifically. SENDDLGITEM could be used as well.
Test to see which one works to break out of the activation loop by right clicking the DLL call and setting a breakpoint for all instances of that call.
Resume the program and microsoft office 2019 crack download Free Activators any software key you feel like. If the debugger breaks (pauses the program's execution) after entering your key, then you know you found DLL in step 5.
Press F8 back in the CPU window to force the next step until you get to the TEST EAX. EAX is the return of a value, which means that a check is being performed here. Upon examination, we can see that the EAX is checking for a number that is not equal to a null value, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version. This means that if it is replaced with anything other than null, it will run.
Right-click the EAX and change it in hex value to 1, instead of 0.
Resume the program again, and you will have successfully activated the program.And for proof it was registered to me:
This works because you are making the process jump from one register and skip the one that verifies the key entered. To exploit the key registration algorithm, keep an eye out for part two of this tutorial on making the key generator. Hooray for assembly!
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10 most popular password cracking tools [updated ]
Passwords are the most commonly used method for user authentication. Passwords are so popular because the logic behind them makes sense to people and they’re relatively easy for developers to implement.
However, passwords can also introduce security vulnerabilities. Password crackers are designed to take credential data stolen in a data breach or other hack and extract passwords from it.
What is password cracking?
A well-designed password-based authentication system doesn’t store a user’s Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version password. This would make it far too easy for a hacker or a malicious insider to gain access to all of the user accounts on the system.
Instead, authentication systems store a password hash, which is the result of sending the password — and a random value called a salt — through a hash function. Hash functions are designed to be one-way, meaning that it is very difficult to determine the input that produces a given output. Since hash functions are also deterministic (meaning that the same input produces the same output), comparing two password hashes (the stored one and the hash of the password provided by a user) is almost as good as comparing the real passwords.
Password cracking refers to the process of extracting passwords from the associated password hash. This can be accomplished in a few different ways:
Dictionary attack: Most people use weak and common passwords. Taking Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version list of words and adding a few permutations — like substituting $ for s — enables a password cracker to learn a lot of passwords very quickly.
Brute-force guessing attack: There are only so many potential passwords of a given length. While Loaris Trojan Remover 3.1.72.1637 Free Download with Crack, a brute-force attack (trying all possible password combinations) guarantees that an attacker will crack the password eventually.
Hybrid attack: A hybrid attack mixes these two techniques, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version. It starts by checking to see if a password can be cracked using a dictionary attack, then moves on to a brute-force attack if it is unsuccessful.
Most password-cracking or password finder tools enable a hacker to perform any of these types of attacks. This post describes some of the most commonly used password-cracking tools.
1. Hashcat
Hashcat is one of the most popular and widely used password crackers in existence. It is available on every operating system and supports over different types of hashes.
Hashcat enables highly-parallelized password cracking with the ability to crack multiple different passwords on multiple different devices movavi video editor review the same time and the ability to support a distributed hash-cracking system via overlays. Cracking is optimized with integrated performance tuning and temperature monitoring.
Download Hashcat here.
2. John the Ripper
John the Ripper is a well-known free open-source password cracking tool for Linux, Unix and Mac OS X. A Windows version is also available.
John the Ripper offers password cracking for a variety of different password types. It goes beyond OS passwords to include common web apps (like WordPress), compressed archives, document files (Microsoft Office files, PDFs and so on), and more.
A pro version of the tool is also available, which offers better features and native packages for target operating systems. You can also download Openwall GNU/*/Linux that comes with John the Ripper.
Download John the Ripper here.
3. Brutus
Brutus is one of the most popular remote online password-cracking tools. It claims to be the fastest and most flexible magix movie edit pro 2019 serial number Activators Patch cracking tool. This tool is free and is only available for Windows systems. It was released back in October
Brutus supports a number of different authentication types, including:
HTTP (basic authentication)
HTTP (HTML Form/CGI)
POP3
FTP
SMB
Telnet
IMAP
NNTP
NetBus
Custom protocols
It is also capable of supporting multi-stage authentication protocols and can attack up to sixty different targets in parallel. It also offers the ability to pause, resume and import an attack.
Brutus has not been updated for several years. However, its support for a wide variety of authentication protocols and ability to add custom modules make it a popular tool for online password cracking attacks.
Get the Brutus password finder online here.
4. Wfuzz
Wfuzz is a web application password-cracking tool like Brutus that tries to crack passwords via a brute-force guessing attack. It can also be used to find hidden resources like directories, servlets and scripts. Wfuzz can also identify injection vulnerabilities within an application such as SQL injection, XSS injection and LDAP injection.
Key features of the Wfuzz password-cracking tool include:
Injection at multiple points in multiple directories
Output in colored HTML
Post, headers and authentication data brute-forcing
Proxy and SOCK support, multiple proxy support
Multi-threading
HTTP password brute-force via GET or POST requests
Time delay between requests
Cookie fuzzing
5. THC Hydra
THC Hydra is an online password-cracking tool that attempts to determine user credentials via brute-force password guessing attack. It is available for Windows, Linux, Free BSD, Solaris and OS X.
THC Hydra is extensible with the ability to easily install new modules. It also supports a number of network protocols, including Asterisk, AFP, Cisco AAA, Cisco auth, Cisco enable, CVS, Firebird, FTP, HTTP-FORM-GET, HTTP-FORM-POST, HTTP-GET, HTTP-HEAD, HTTP-PROXY, HTTPS-FORM-GET, HTTPS-FORM-POST, HTTPS-GET, HTTPS-HEAD, HTTP-Proxy, ICQ, IMAP, IRC, LDAP, MS-SQL, MYSQL, NCP, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version, NNTP, Oracle Listener, Oracle SID, Oracle, PC-Anywhere, PCNFS, POP3, POSTGRES, RDP, Rexec, Rlogin, Rsh, SAP/R3, SIP, SMB, SMTP, SMTP Enum, SNMP, SOCKS5, SSH (v1 and v2), Subversion, Teamspeak (TS2), Telnet, VMware-Auth, VNC and XMPP.
Download THC Hydra here.
If you are a developer, you can also contribute to the tool’s development.
6. Medusa
Medusa is an online password-cracking tool similar to THC Hydra. It claims to be a speedy parallel, modular and login brute-forcing tool. It supports HTTP, FTP, CVS, AFP, IMAP, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version, MS SQL, MYSQL, NCP, NNTP, POP3, PostgreSQL, pcAnywhere, rlogin, SMB, rsh, SMTP, SNMP, SSH, SVN, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version, VNC, VmAuthd and Telnet.
Medusa is a command-line tool, so some level of command-line knowledge is necessary to use it. Password-cracking speed depends on network connectivity. On a local system, it can test 2, passwords per minute.
Medusa also supports parallelized attacks. In addition to a wordlist of passwords to try, it is also possible to define a list of usernames or email addresses to test during an attack.
Read more about this here.
Download Medusa here.
7. RainbowCrack
All password-cracking is subject to a time-memory tradeoff. If an attacker has precomputed a table of password/hash pairs and stored them as a “rainbow table,” then the password-cracking process is simplified to a table lookup. This threat is why passwords are now salted: adding a unique, random value to every password before hashing it means that the number of rainbow tables required is much larger.
RainbowCrack is a password cracking tool designed to work using rainbow tables. It is possible to generate custom rainbow tables or take advantage of preexisting ones downloaded from the internet. RainbowCrack offers free downloads of rainbow tables for the LANMAN, NTLM, MD5 and SHA1 password systems.
Download rainbow tables here.
A few paid rainbow tables are also available, which you can buy from here.
This tool is available for both Windows and Linux systems.
Download RainbowCrack here.
8, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version. OphCrack
OphCrack is a free rainbow table-based password cracking tool for Windows. It is the most popular Windows password cracking tool but can also be used on Linux and Mac systems. It cracks LM and NTLM hashes. For cracking Windows XP, Vista and Windows Save2pc Ultimate License key, free rainbow tables are also available.
A live CD of OphCrack is also available to simplify the cracking. One can use the Live CD of OphCrack to crack Windows-based passwords. This tool is available for free.
Download OphCrack here.
Download free and premium rainbow tables for OphCrack here.
9. L0phtCrack
L0phtCrack is an alternative to OphCrack. It attempts to crack Windows passwords from hashes. For cracking passwords, it uses Windows workstations, network servers, primary domain controllers and Active Directory. It also uses dictionary and brute-force attacks for generating and guessing passwords. It was acquired by Symantec and discontinued in Later, L0pht developers again reacquired it and launched L0phtCrack in
L0phtCrack also comes with the ability to scan routine password security scans. One can set daily, weekly or monthly audits, and it will start scanning at the scheduled time.
Learn about L0phtCrack here.
Aircrack-ng
Aircrack-ng is a Wi-Fi password-cracking tool that can crack WEP or WPA/WPA2 PSK passwords. It analyzes wireless encrypted packets and then tries to crack passwords via the dictionary attacks and the PTW, FMS and other cracking algorithms. It is available for Linux and Windows systems. A live CD of Aircrack is also available.
Aircrack-ng tutorials are available here.
Download Aircrack-ng here.
How to create a password that’s hard to crack
In this post, we have listed 10 password-cracking tools. These tools try to crack passwords with different password-cracking algorithms. Most of the password cracking tools are available for free. So, you should PowerDVD Crack try to have a strong password that is hard to crack. These are a few tips you can try while creating a password.
The longer the password, the harder it is to crack: Password length is the most important factor. The complexity of a brute force password guessing attack grows exponentially with the length of the password. A random seven-character password can be cracked in minutes, while a ten-character one takes hundreds of years.
Always use a combination of characters, numbers and special characters: Using a variety of characters also makes brute-force password-guessing more difficult, since it means that Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version need to try a wider variety of options for each character of the password. Incorporate numbers and special Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version and not just at the end of the password or as a letter substitution (like @ for a).
Variety in passwords: Credential stuffing attacks use bots to test if passwords stolen from one online account are also used for other accounts. A data breach at a tiny company could compromise a bank account if the same credentials are used. Use a long, random, and unique password for all online accounts.
What to avoid while selecting your password
Cybercriminals and password cracker developers know all of the “clever” tricks that people use to create their passwords. A few common password mistakes that should be avoided include:
Using a dictionary word: Dictionary attacks are designed to test every word in the dictionary (and common permutations) in seconds.
Using personal information: A pet’s name, relative’s name, birthplace, favorite sport and so on are all dictionary words. Even if they weren’t, tools exist to grab this information from social media and build a wordlist from it for an attack.
Using patterns: Passwords like, qwerty and asdfgh are some of the most commonly used ones in existence. They’re also included in every password cracker’s wordlist.
Using character substitutions: Character substitutions like 4 for A and $ for S are well-known. Dictionary attacks test for these substitutions automatically.
Using numbers and special characters only at the end: Most people put their required numbers and special characters at the end of the password. These patterns are built into password crackers.
Using common Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version Every year, companies like Splashdata publish lists of the most commonly used passwords. They create these lists by cracking breached passwords, just like an attacker would. Never use the passwords on these lists or anything like them.
Using anything but a random password: Passwords should be long, random, and unique. Use a password manager to securely generate and store passwords for online accounts.
Conclusion
Password-cracking tools are designed to take the password hashes leaked during a data breach or stolen using an attack and extract the original passwords from them. They accomplish this by taking advantage of the use of weak passwords or Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version trying every potential password of a given length.
Password finders can be used for a variety of different purposes, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version, not all of them bad. While they’re commonly used by cybercriminals, security teams can also use them to audit the strength of their users’ passwords and assess the risk of weak passwords to the organization.
Posted: September 25,
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Howard Poston is a cybersecurity researcher with a background in blockchain, cryptography and malware analysis. He has a master's degree in Cyber Operations from the Air Force Institute of Technology and two years of experience in cybersecurity research and development at Sandia National Labs. He currently works as a freelance consultant providing training and content creation for cyber and blockchain security.
WebsiteLinkedIn
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^Klein, Matt. "Word Formatting: Mastering Styles and Document Themes". How-To Geek. Retrieved July 9,
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Microsoft Word is a word processing software developed by Microsoft. It was first released on October 25, ,[7] under the name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix systems.[8][9][10] Subsequent versions were later written for several other platforms including: IBM PCs running DOS (), Apple Macintosh running the Classic Mac OS (), AT&T UNIX PC (), Atari ST (), OS/2 (), Microsoft Windows (), SCO Unix () and macOS (). Using Wine, versions of Microsoft Word before can be run on Linux.
Commercial versions of Word are licensed as a standalone product or as a component of Microsoft Office suite of software, which can be purchased either with a perpetual license or as part of a Microsoft subscription. Word can also be acquired by purchasing Windows RT or the discontinued Microsoft Works suite. matlab r2019a crack download Free Activators article: History of Microsoft Word
Origins[edit]
InMicrosoft hired Charles Simonyi, the primary developer of Bravo, the first GUIword processor, which was developed at Xerox PARC.[11] Simonyi started work on a word processor called Multi-Tool Word and soon hired Richard Brodie, a former Xerox intern, who became the primary software engineer.[11][12][13]
Microsoft announced Multi-Tool Word for Xenix[11] and MS-DOS in [14] Its name was soon simplified to Microsoft Word.[8] Free demonstration copies of the application were bundled with the November issue of PC World, making it the first to be distributed on-disk with a magazine.[8][15] That year Microsoft demonstrated Word running on Windows.[16]
Unlike most MS-DOS programs at the time, Microsoft Word was designed to be used with a mouse.[14] Advertisements depicted the Microsoft Mouse and described Word as a WYSIWYG, windowed word processor with the ability to undo and display bold, italic, and underlined text,[17] although it could not render fonts.[8] It was not initially popular, since its user interface was different from the leading word processor at the time, WordStar.[18] However, Microsoft steadily improved the product, releasing versions through over the next six years. InMicrosoft ported Word to the classic Mac OS (known as Macintosh System Software at the time). This was made easier by Word for DOS having been designed for use with high-resolution displays and laser printers, even though none were yet available to the general public.[19] It was also notable for its very fast cut-and-paste function and unlimited number of undo operations, which are due to its usage of the piece table data structure.[20]
Following the precedents of LisaWrite and MacWrite, Word for Mac OS added true WYSIWYG features. It fulfilled a need for a word processor that was more capable than MacWrite.[21] After its release, Word for Mac OS's sales were higher than its MS-DOS counterpart for at least four years.[11]
The second release of Word for Mac OS, shipped inwas named Word to synchronize its version number with Word for DOS; this was Microsoft's first attempt to synchronize version numbers across platforms. Word included numerous internal enhancements and new features, including the first implementation of the Rich Text Format (RTF) specification, but was plagued with bugs. Within a few months, Word was superseded by a more stable Wordwhich was mailed free to all registered users of [19] After MacWrite Pro was discontinued in the mids, Word for Mac OS never had any serious rivals. Word for Mac OS, released inwas a very popular word processor owing to its elegance, relative ease of use, and feature set. Many users say it is the best version of Word for Mac OS ever created.[19][22]
Inan agreement between Atari and Microsoft brought Word to the Atari ST[23] under the name Microsoft Write. The Atari ST version was a port of Word for the Mac OS[24][25] and was never updated.
The first version of Word for Windows was released in With the release of Windows the following year, sales began to pick up and Microsoft soon became the market leader for word processors for IBM PC-compatible computers.[11] InMicrosoft capitalized on Word for Windows' increasing popularity by releasing a version of Word for DOS, versionthat replaced its unique user interface with an interface similar to a Windows application.[26][27] When Microsoft became aware of the Year problem, it made Microsoft Word for DOS available for download free. As of February[update], it is still available for download from Microsoft's website.[28] InMicrosoft embarked on a project code-named Pyramid to completely rewrite Microsoft Word from the ground up. Both the Windows and Mac OS versions would start from the same code base. It was abandoned when it was determined that it would take the development team too long to rewrite and then catch up with all the new capabilities that could have been added at the same time without a rewrite. Instead, the next versions of Word for Windows and Mac OS, dubbed versionboth started from the code base of Word for Windows [22]
With the release of Word inMicrosoft again attempted to synchronize the version numbers and coordinate product naming across platforms, this time across DOS, Mac OS, and Windows (this was the last version of Word for DOS). It introduced AutoCorrect, which automatically fixed certain typing errors, and AutoFormat, which could reformat many parts of a document at once. While the Windows version received favorable reviews (e.g., from InfoWorld[29]), the Mac OS version was widely derided. Many accused it of being slow, clumsy, and memory intensive, and its user interface differed significantly from Word [22] In response to user requests, Microsoft offered Word 5 again, after it had been discontinued.[30] Subsequent versions of Word for macOS are no longer direct ports of Word for Windows, instead featuring a mixture of ported code and native code.
Word for Windows[edit]
Word for Windows is available stand-alone or as part of the Microsoft Office suite. Word contains rudimentary desktop publishing capabilities and is the most widely used word processing program on the market. Word files are commonly used as the format for sending text documents via e-mail because almost every user with a computer can read a Word document by using the Word application, a Word viewer or a word processor that imports the Word format (see Microsoft Word Viewer).
Word 6 for Windows NT was the first bit version of the product,[31] released with Microsoft Office for Windows NT around the same time as Windows It was a straightforward ACID Pro of Word Starting with Word 95, each release of Word was named after the year of its release, instead of its version number.[32]
Word introduced a redesigned user interface that emphasized the Wavebox 4.9.0 Download common controls, dividing them into tabs, and adding specific options depending on the context, such as selecting an image or editing a table.[33] This user interface, called Ribbon, was included in Excel, PowerPoint and Accessand would be later introduced to other Office applications with Office and Windows applications such as Paint and WordPad with Windows 7, respectively.[34]
The Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version interface also includes a toolbar that appears when selecting text, with options for formatting included.[35]
Word also included the option to save documents as Adobe Acrobat or XPS files,[35] and upload Word documents like blog posts on services such as WordPress.
Word allows the customization of the Ribbon,[36] adds a Backstage view for file management,[37] has improved document navigation, allows creation and embedding of screenshots,[38] and integrates with online services such as Microsoft OneDrive.[39]
Word added a dictation function.
Word added co-authoring, a visual refresh on the start experience and tabs, automatic cloud saving, dark mode, line focus, an updated draw tab, and support for ODF
Word for Mac[edit]
See also: Microsoft Office § Mac versions
The Mac was introduced on January 24,and Microsoft introduced Word for Mac a year Postbox 6.1.16.1 License Key, on January 18, The DOS, Mac, and Windows versions are quite different from each other. Only the Mac version was WYSIWYG and used a graphical user interface, far ahead of the other platforms. Each platform restarted its version numbering at "".[40] There was no version 2 on the Mac, but version 3 came out on January 31,as described above. Word came out on November 6,and added automatic linking with Excel, the ability to flow text around graphics, and a WYSIWYG page view editing mode. Word for Mac, released in ran on the original CPU and was the last to be specifically designed as a Macintosh application. The later Word 6 was a Windows port and poorly received. Word continued to run well until the last Classic MacOS. Many people continue to run Word to this day under an emulated Mac classic system for some of its excellent features, such as document generation and renumbering, or to access their old files, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version.
Microsoft Word running on OS X
InMicrosoft formed the Macintosh Business Unit as an independent group within Microsoft focused on writing software for Mac OS. Its first version of Word, Word 98, was released with Office 98 Macintosh Edition. Document compatibility reached parity with Word 97,[30] and it included features from Word 97 for Windows, including spell and grammar checking with squiggles. Users could choose the menus and keyboard shortcuts to be similar to either Word 97 for Windows or Word 5 for Mac OS, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version.
Wordreleased inadded a few new features, including the Office Clipboard, which allowed users to copy and paste multiple items.[42] It was the last version to run on classic Mac OS and, on Mac OS X, it could only run within the Classic Environment. Word X, released inwas the first version to run natively on, and required, Mac OS X, and introduced non-contiguous text selection.[43]
Word was released in May It included a new Notebook Layout view for taking notes either by typing or by voice.[44] Other features, such as tracking changes, were made more similar with Office for Windows.[45]
Wordreleased on January 15,included a Ribbon-like feature, called the Elements Gallery, that can be used to select page layouts and insert custom diagrams and images. It also included a new view focused on publishing layout, integrated bibliography management, and native support for the new Office Open XML format. Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version was the first version to run natively on Intel-based Macs.
Wordreleased in Octoberreplaced the Elements Gallery in favor of a Ribbon user interface that is much more similar to Office for Windows, and includes a full-screen mode that allows users to focus on reading and writing documents, and support for Office Web Apps.
Wordadded real-time co-authoring, automatic cloud saving, dark mode, immersive reader enhancements, line focus, a visual refresh, the ability to save pictures in SVG format, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version, and a new Sketched style outline.
File formats[edit]
DOC
Legacy Word document
DOT
Legacy Word templates
WBK
Legacy Word document backup
DOCX
XML Word document
DOCM
XML Word macro-enabled document
DOTX
XML Word template
DOTM
XML Word macro-enabled template
DOCB
XML Word binary document
Filename extensions[edit]
Microsoft Word's native file formats are denoted either by a or filename extension.
Although the extension has been used in many different versions of Word, it actually encompasses four distinct file formats:
Word for DOS
Word for Windows 1 and 2; Word 3 and 4 for Mac OS
Word 6 and Word 95 for Windows; Word 6 for Mac OS
Word 97 and later for Windows; Word 98 and later for Mac OS
(The classic Mac OS of the era did not use filename extensions.)[50]
The newer extension signifies the Office Open XML international standard for Office documents and is used by default by Word and later for Windows as well as Word and later for macOS.[51]
Binary formats (Word 97–)[edit]
During the late s and early s, the default Word document format (.DOC) became a de facto standard of document file formats for Microsoft Office users.[citation needed] There are different versions Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version "Word Document Format" used by default in Word 97–[52] Each binary word file is a Compound File,[53] a hierarchical file system within a file. According to Joel Spolsky, Word Binary File Format is extremely complex mainly because its developers had to accommodate an overwhelming number of features and prioritize performance over anything else.
As with all OLE Compound Files, Word Binary Format consists of "storages", which are analogous to computer folders and "streams", which are similar to computer files. Each storage may contain streams or other storage. Each Word Binary File must contain a stream called the "WordDocument" stream and this stream must start with a File Information Block (FIB).[55] FIB serves as the first point of reference for locating everything else, such as where the text in a Word document starts, ends, what version of Word created the document and other attributes.
Word and later continue to support the DOC file format, although it is no longer the default.
XML Document (Word )[edit]
Main article: Microsoft Office XML formats
The .docx XML format introduced in Word [56] was a simple, XML-based format called WordProcessingML or WordML.
The Microsoft Office XML formats are XML-based document formats (or XML schemas) introduced in versions of Microsoft Office prior to Office Microsoft Office XP introduced a new XML format for storing Excel spreadsheets and Office added an XML-based format for Word documents.
These formats were succeeded by Office Open XML (ECMA) in Microsoft Office
Cross-version compatibility[edit]
Opening a Word Document file in a version of Word other than the one with which it was created can cause an incorrect display of the document. The document formats of the various versions change in subtle and not-so-subtle ways (such as changing the font or the handling of more complex tasks like footnotes). Formatting created in newer versions does not always survive when viewed in older versions of the program, nearly always because that capability does not exist in the previous version.[57]Rich Text Format (RTF), an early effort to create a format for interchanging formatted text between applications, is an optional Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version for Word that retains most formatting and all content of the Agisoft Metashape Crack document.
Third-party formats[edit]
Plugins permitting the Windows versions of Word to read and write formats it does not natively support, such as international standardOpenDocument format (ODF) (ISO/IEC ), are available. Up until the release of Service Pack 2 (SP2) for OfficeWord did not natively support reading or writing ODF documents without a plugin, namely the SUN ODF Plugin or the OpenXML/ODF Translator. With SP2 installed, ODF format documents can be read and saved like any other supported format in addition to those already available in Word [57][58][59][60][61] The implementation faces substantial criticism, and the ODF Alliance and others have claimed that the third-party plugins provide better support.[62] Microsoft later declared that the ODF support has some limitations.[63]
In Octoberone year before the Microsoft Office suite was released, Microsoft declared that there was insufficient demand from Microsoft customers for the international standard OpenDocument format support and that therefore it would not be included in Microsoft Office This statement was repeated in the following months.[64][65][66][67] As an answer, on October 20,an online petition was created to demand ODF support from Microsoft.[68]
In Maythe ODF plugin for Microsoft Office was released by the OpenDocument Foundation.[69] Microsoft declared that it had no relationship with the developers of the plugin.[70]
In JulyMicrosoft announced the creation of the Open XML Translator project – tools to build a technical bridge between the Microsoft Office Open XML Formats and the OpenDocument Format (ODF). This work was started in response to government requests maxwell 4.2 crack interoperability with ODF. The goal of the project was not to add ODF support to Microsoft Office, but only to create a plugin and an external toolset.[71][72] In Februarythis project released a first version of the ODF plugin for Microsoft Word.[73]
In FebruarySun released an initial version of its ODF plugin for Microsoft Office.[74] Version was released in July [75]
Microsoft Word (Service Pack 1) supports (for output only) PDF and XPS formats, but only after manual installation of the Microsoft 'Save as PDF or XPS' add-on.[76][77] On later releases, this was offered by default.
Features and flaws[edit]
Among its features, Word includes a built-in spell checker, a thesaurus, a dictionary, and utilities for manipulating and editing text. The following are some aspects of its feature Wavebox 4.9.0 Download.
Templates[edit]
Several later versions of Word include the ability for users to create their formatting templates, allowing them to define a file in which: the title, heading, paragraph, and other element designs differ from the standard Word templates.[78] Users can find how to do this under the Help section located near the top right corner (Word on Windows 8).
For example, nkc.com.pk is the master template from which all Word documents are created. It determines the margin defaults as well as the layout of the text and font defaults. Although nkc.com.pk is already set with certain defaults, the user can change it to new defaults. This will change other documents which were created using the template.[79] It avast antivirus crack 2017 previously nkc.com.pk[80]
Image formats[edit]
Word can import and display images in common bitmap formats such as JPG and GIF. It can also be used to create and display simple line art. Microsoft Word added support[81] for the common SVG vector image format in for Office ProPlus subscribers and this functionality was also included in the Office release.
WordArt[edit]
Main article: WordArt
An example image created with WordArt
WordArt enables drawing text in a Microsoft Word document such as a title, watermark, or other text, with graphical effects such as skewing, shadowing, rotating, stretching in a variety of shapes and colors, and even including three-dimensional effects. Users can apply formatting effects such as shadow, bevel, glow, and reflection to their document text as easily as applying bold or underline. Users can also spell-check text that uses visual effects and add text effects to paragraph styles.
Macros[edit]
A Macro is a rule of pattern that specifies how a certain input sequence (often a sequence of characters) should be mapped to an output sequence according to a defined process. Frequently used or repetitive sequences of keystrokes and mouse movements can be automated. Like other Microsoft Office documents, Word files can include advanced macros and even embedded programs. The language was originally WordBasic, but changed to Visual Basic for Applications as of Word
This extensive functionality can also be used to run and propagate viruses in documents. The tendency for people to exchange Word documents via email, USB flash drives, and floppy disks made this an especially attractive vector in A prominent example was the Melissa virus, but countless others have existed.
These macro viruses were the only known cross-platform threats between Windows and Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version computers and they were the only infection vectors to affect any macOS system up until the advent of video codec trojans in [citation needed] Microsoft released patches for Word X and Word that effectively eliminated the macro problem on the Mac by
Word's macro security setting, which regulates when macros may execute, can be adjusted by the user, but in the most recent versions of Word, it is set to HIGH by default, generally reducing the risk from macro-based viruses, which have become uncommon.
Layout issues[edit]
Before Word (Word 14) for Windows, the program was unable to correctly handle ligatures defined in OpenType fonts.[82] Those ligature glyphs with Unicode codepoints may be inserted manually, but are not recognized by Word for what they are, breaking spell checking, while custom ligatures present in the font are not accessible at all. Since Wordthe program now has advanced typesetting features which can be enabled,[83]OpenType ligatures,[84]kerning and hyphenation (previous versions already had the latter two features). Other layout deficiencies of Word include the inability to set crop marks or thin spaces. Various third-party workaround utilities have been developed.[85]
In Word for Mac OS X, support of complex scripts was inferior even to Word 97[86] and Word did not support Apple Advanced Typography features like ligatures or glyph variants.[87]
Issues with technical documents[edit]
Microsoft word is only awkwardly suitable for some kinds of technical writing, specifically, that which requires: mathematical equations, figure placement, table placement and cross-references to any of these items. The usual workaround for equations is to use a third-party equation typesetter. Figures and tables must be placed manually; there is an anchor mechanism but it is not designed for fully automatic figure placement and editing text after placing figures and tables often requires re-placing those items by moving the anchor point and even then the placement options are limited. This problem is deeply baked into Word's structure since as it does not know where page breaks will occur until the document is printed.
Bullets and numbering[edit]
Microsoft Word supports bullet lists and numbered lists. It also features a numbering system that helps add correct numbers to pages, chapters, headers, footnotes, and entries of tables of content; these numbers automatically change to correct ones as new items are added or existing items are deleted. Bullets and numbering can be applied directly to paragraphs and converted to lists.[88] Word 97 throughhowever, had problems adding correct numbers to numbered lists. In particular, a second irrelevant numbered list might have not started with number one but instead resumed numbering after the last numbered list. Although Word 97 supported a hidden marker that said the list numbering must restart afterward, the command to insert this marker (Restart Numbering command) was only added in Word However, if one were to cut the first item of the listed and paste it as another item (e.g. fifth), then the restart marker would have moved with it and the list would have restarted in the middle instead of at the top.[89]
Users can also create tables in Word. Depending on Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version version, Word can perform simple calculations – along with support for formulas and equations as well.
Word continues to default to non-Unicode characters and non-hierarchical bulleting, despite user preference for Powerpoint-style symbol hierarchies (e.g., filled circle/emdash/filled square/endash/emptied circle) and universal compatibility.
AutoSummarize[edit]
Available in certain versions of Word (e.g., Word ), AutoSummarize highlights passages or phrases that it considers valuable and can be a quick way of generating a crude abstract or an executive summary.[90] The amount of text to be retained can be specified by the user as a percentage of the current amount of text.
According to Ron Fein of the Word 97 team, AutoSummarize cuts wordy copy to the bone by counting words and ranking sentences. First, AutoSummarize identifies the most common words in the document (barring "a" and "the" and the like) and assigns a "score" to each word – the more frequently a word is used, the higher the score. Then, it "averages" each sentence by adding the scores of its words and dividing the sum by the number of words in the sentence – the higher the average, the higher the rank of the sentence. "It's like the ratio of wheat to chaff," explains Fein.[91]
AutoSummarize was removed from Microsoft Word for Mac OS Xalthough it was present in Word for Mac AutoSummarize was removed from the Office release version (14) as well.[92]
Other platforms[edit]
Word for mobile[edit]
Word Mobile is a word processor that allows creating and editing documents. It supports basic formatting, such as bolding, changing font size, and changing colors (from red, yellow, or green). It can add comments, but can't edit documents with tracked changes. It can't open password-protected documents; change the typeface, text alignment, or style (normal, heading 1); create bulleted lists; insert pictures; or undo.[93][94][95] Word Mobile is neither able to display nor insert footnotes, endnotes, page headers, page footers, page breaks, certain indentation of lists, and certain fonts while working on a document, but retains them if the original document has them.[96] In addition to the features of the version, the version on Windows Mobile also has the ability to save documents in the Rich Text Format and open legacy PSW (Pocket Word).[96] Furthermore, it includes a spell checker, word count tool, and a "Find and Replace" command. InWord Mobile became available for Windows 10 and Windows 10 Mobile on Windows Store.[97]
Word for the web[edit]
Further information: Microsoft Office §Office on the web
Word for the web is a free lightweight version of Microsoft Word available as part of Office on the web, which also includes web versions of Microsoft Excel and Microsoft PowerPoint.
Word for the web lacks some Ribbon tabs, such as Design and Mailings. Mailings allows users to print envelopes and labels and manage mail merge printing of Word documents.[98][99] Word for the Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version is not able to edit certain objects, such as: equations, shapes, text boxes or drawings, but a placeholder may be present in the document. Certain advanced features like table sorting or columns will not be displayed but are preserved as they were in the document. Other views available in the Word desktop app (Outline, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version, Draft, Web Layout, and Full-Screen Reading) are not available, nor are side-by-side viewing, split windows, and the ruler.[]
Password protection[edit]
Main article: Microsoft Office password protection
Three password types can be set in Microsoft Word,
The second and third password types were developed by Microsoft for convenient shared use of documents rather than for their protection. There is no encryption of documents that are protected by such passwords and the Microsoft Office protection system saves a hash sum of a password in a document's header where it can be easily accessed and removed by the specialized software. Password to open a document offers much tougher protection that had been steadily enhanced in the subsequent editions of Microsoft Office.
Word 95 and all the preceding editions had the weakest protection that utilized a conversion of a password to a bit key.
Key length in Word 97 and was strengthened up to 40 bit. However, modern cracking software allows removing such a password very quickly – a persistent cracking process takes one week at most. Use of rainbow tables reduces password removal time to several seconds. Some password recovery software can not only remove a password but also find an actual password that was used by a user to encrypt the document using the brute-force attack approach. Statistically, the possibility of recovering the password depends on the password strength.
Word's /XP version default protection remained the same but an option that allowed advanced users to choose a Cryptographic Service Provider was added.[] If a strong CSP is chosen, guaranteed document decryption becomes unavailable and, therefore, a password can't be removed from the document. Nonetheless, a password can be fairly quickly picked with a brute-force attack, because its speed is still high regardless of the CSP selected. Moreover, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version, since the CSPs are not active by default, their use is limited to advanced users only.
Word offers significantly more secure document protection which utilizes the modern Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) that converts a password to a bit key using a SHA-1 hash function 50, times. It makes password removal impossible (as of today, no computer that can matlab r2019a crack download Free Activators the key in a reasonable amount of time exists) and drastically slows the brute-force attack speed down to several hundreds of passwords per second.
Word's protection algorithm was not changed apart from the increasing number of SHA-1 conversions up totimes and consequently, the brute-force attack speed decreased two times more.
Reception[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December )
Initial releases of Word were met with criticism. Byte in criticized the documentation for Word and for DOS, calling it "a complete farce". It called the software "clever, put together well and performs some extraordinary feats", but concluded that "especially when operated with the mouse, has many more limitations than benefits extremely frustrating to learn and operate efficiently".[]PC Magazine's review was very mixed, stating: "I've run into weird word processors before, but this is the first time one's nearly knocked me down for the count" but acknowledging that Word's innovations were the first that caused the reviewer to consider abandoning WordStar. While the review cited an excellent WYSIWYG display, sophisticated print formatting, windows, and footnoting as merits, it criticized many small flaws, very slow performance, and "documentation produced by Madame Sadie's Pain Palace". It concluded that Word was "two releases away from potential greatness".[]
Compute!'s Apple Applications in stated that "despite a certain awkwardness", Word "will likely become the major Macintosh word processor" with "far too many features to list here". While criticizing the lack of true WYSIWYG, the magazine concluded that "Word is marvelous. It's like a Mozart or Edison, whose occasional gaucherie we excuse because of his great gifts".[]
Compute! in stated that Word 's integration of text and graphics made it "a solid engine for basic desktop publishing". The magazine approved of improvements to text mode, described the $75 price for upgrading from an earlier version as "the deal of the decade" and concluded that "as a high-octane word processor, Word is worth a look".[]
During the first quarter ofMicrosoft Word accounted for 80% of the worldwide word processing market.[]
Release history[edit]
Legend:
Old version, not maintained
Older version, still maintained
Current stable version
Latest preview version
Future release
Microsoft Word running on Windows 7
Year released
Name
Version
Comments
Word for Windows
Old version, no longer maintained:
Code-named Opus[]
Word for Windows
Old version, no longer maintained:
For Windows [] Code-named Bill the Cat[citation needed]
Word for Windows a
Old version, no longer maintained: a
On March 25,Microsoft made the source code to Word for Windows a available to the public via the Computer History Museum.[][]
Word for Windows
Old version, no longer maintained:
Included in Office
Word for Windows
Old version, no longer maintained:
Version numbers 3, 4, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version, and 5 were skipped, Web-Design Crack All Windows/Mac OS Software Full Version, to bring Windows version numbering in line with that of DOS, Mac OS, and WordPerfect (the main competing word processor at the time). Also, a bit version for Windows NT only. Included in Office, and
Included in Office ; xmedia recode old versions to businesses on November 30,released worldwide to consumers on January 30, Extended support until October 10,
Word
Old version, no longer maintained:
Included in Office ; skipped due to triskaidekaphobia.[]
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