Charles SSL CA Certificate installation

Java based proxy tool

Charles is a powerful HTTP proxy/HTTP monitor/Reverse Proxy tool that enables a developer to view all of the HTTP traffic between a computer and the Internet.

Charles allows developers to view requests, responses and HTTP headers which contain crucial cookie and caching information. It's very useful for enabling debugging the content of HTTPS sessions. It works by simulating modem speeds by effectively throttling bandwidth and introducing latency so that developers can experience an entire website as a modem user would.

For this reason, Charles is especially useful for Macromedia Flash developers as it makes it possible to view the contents of LoadVariables, LoadMovie, XML loads etc. Finally, Charles is useful for XML development in web browsers, such as AJAX (Asynchronous Javascript and XML) and XMLHTTP.

Charles is a useful tool for any developer that needs to view HTTP proxies on their Mac.

Charlesis a proxy and HTTP monitor aimed at developers that makes it possible to monitor absolutely all the traffic that is generated between a computer and the Internet, including among others petitions, answers and HTTP headings, and even including the cookies and cache information.

Register and show all the data that is sent and received.

CharlesWeb Debugging Proxy allows your computer to connect to the Internet via a proxy to check what's happening between the browser and the server, perfect to detect errors and bugs in a project. Use Charles to optimize your tasks and be able to easily detect where the errors are to solve them later.

Features

• View SSL requests and responses as plain text.
• Limit the bandwidth artificially to simulate slow Internet connections, including lag.
• AJAX debugging – including the possibility to view XML and JSON requests and responses as text or tree.
• View the contents of 'Flash Remoting' and 'Flex Remoting' messages.
• Repeat requests and test new back-end changes.
• Edit requests to test different entries.
• Validate recorded HTML, CSS and RSS responses using the W3C validation tool.
• Export the information in CVS files to analyze it in detail.
• Create blacklists with sites that will have their petitions blocked.

Control all your data traffic

When you develop a web application a traffic control tool is essential. Because it's only by using tools like Charles that you'll be able to view the data traffic in detail: contents of LoadVariables and LoadMovie volumes, XML uploads, JavaScript files, CSS, etc.

Convinced? Start downloadingCharles proxy and easily find out what is going on between your server and your PC.

Requirements and additional information:

Charles Sturt University provides free software for you to download, install and use on your own computer/device whilst studying, including:

Discounted software is also available through the Student Discounts page.

Device Software Updates

We recommend that you keep your devices up to date. Updates for Windows and Apple are delivered automatically to your computer however regular check-ups to ensure that your devices are fully updated is recommended.

Adobe Reader

There are many resources provided as PDF files at Charles Sturt University. Adobe Reader is the program you need to open and view these files. The Google Toolbar is an optional part of the download and is not required to open and view PDF files.

Sophos (Antivirus Software)

Keep your computer safe from threats when accessing the internet and transferring files between computers by having installed and up to date antivirus software. We recommend using the Sophos free solution called SOPHOS Home.

Microsoft Office

Microsoft Office allows you to install Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook and OneNote for free on up to 5 PC's or Mac's and Office apps on Android, Apple and Windows mobile devices.

Qualitative Research (NVivo)

NVivo is a qualitative data analysis (QDA) computer software package. It has been designed for qualitative researchers working with very rich text-based and/or multimedia information where deep levels of analysis on small or large volumes of data are required.

Find more information and install NVivo for Windows or Mac.

Reference Management (EndNote)

A bibliographic citation program, allowing references and footnotes to be translated into a variety of standard formats.

The Charles Sturt University Library EndNote LibGuide includes links to training materials, user guides and further support. Uninstall or remove any older versions installed on your computer. For system requirements and Word processor compatibility, e.g. Microsoft Word versions, visit nkc.com.pk

Download Endnote for Windows or Mac

Please note - EndNote and OneDrive are currently incompatible. Using OneDrive to store your EndNote library and Word documents with EndNote cite-while-you-write (CWYW) references will result in a corrupted library and documents. For more information - please contact your local faculty liaison team.

Disclaimer

Charles Sturt University is unable to provide any assistance, support or be held responsible for any problems when downloading, installing or uninstalling software on your computer.

Downloading files on campus from external websites during peak periods will reduce your internet quota balance. Files downloaded during off peak periods will not reduce your quota.

What is Charles Proxy?

Charles Proxy sits between your app and the Internet. All networking requests and responses will be passed through Charles Proxy, so you’ll be able to inspect and even change data midstream to test how your app responds.

Installation

Go to Charles Proxy Download page and follow the instructions to download and install it on your computer.

Configuring Charles Proxy

In order for any browser (or any application) to use Charles, it must be configured to use Charles as its proxy server.

Windows Proxy Settings

Make sure "Windows Proxy" is checked and "Mozilla Firefox Proxy" is not checked under the Proxy menu item.

Mac OS Proxy Settings

Make sure "macOS Proxy" is checked and "Mozilla Firefox Proxy" is not checked  under the Proxy menu item.

SSL Certificates

The following instructions are for different browsers to help you trust your Charles Root Certificate so you wouldn't see certificate warnings.

Windows / Internet Explorer

In Charles go to the Help menu and choose "SSL Proxying > Install Charles Root Certificate". A window will appear warning you that the CA Root certificate is not trusted.

Click the "Install Certificate" button to launch the Certificate Import Wizard. The certificate must be imported into the "Trusted Root Certification Authorities" certificate store, so override the automatic certificate store selection.

Complete the wizard and your Charles Root Certificate is now installed. You may need to restart IE before the installation takes affect.

Mozilla Firefox

First, ensure that Firefox is connected to Charles. You should see browsing from Firefox being recorded in Charles.

Visit nkc.com.pk in Firefox. You will be presented with a certificate import dialog. Tick the option "Trust this CA to identify websites" and complete the import.

macOS

In Charles go to the Help menu and choose "SSL Proxying > Install Charles Root Certificate". Keychain Access will open. Find the "Charles Proxy" entry, and double-click to get info on it. Expand the "Trust" section, and besides "When using this certificate" change it from "Use System Defaults" to "Always Trust". Then close the certificate info window, and you will be prompted for your Administrator password to update the system trust settings.

You may need to quit and reopen Safari to see the change.

Google Chrome

On macOS, please follow the instructions for the macOS above. These instructions only apply to Windows.

1. In Charles go to the Help menu and choose "SSL Proxying > Save Charles Root Certificate". Save the root certificate as a Binary Certificate (.cer) to your desktop, or somewhere where you can easily access it in the next step. 

2. In Chrome, open the Settings. At the bottom of the settings page, click "Advanced" to open the advanced section, then click the "Manage certificates…" button.

3. Go to the "Trusted Root Certification Authorities" tab and click "Import…".

4. Find the certificate file you saved from Charles in the previous step, then click Next and Finish, leaving the default options, until you complete the import. Chrome will now always trust certificates signed by Charles.

5. After importing you can delete the certificate file that you saved.

Capturing logs

To start or stop recording click on the corresponding toolbar icon or under Proxy menu item with "Start Recording" and "Stop Recording" actions. Once started you can use any browser to go to nkc.com.pk for example and search for "Testlio" to get some traffic to appear.

Saving logs

Once you've stopped recording you can save your session by choosing File > Save Session.

Charles is an HTTP proxy, monitor, and reverse proxy that lets developers view HTTP and SSL traffic from their machines. Web browsers access the internet through this software so that users can diagnose excess traffic and fix the problem.

Regarding time efficiency, debugging is as fast and reliable as possible.

Features include SSL Proxying, useful to view SSL requests in plain text; bandwidth throttling simulating latency and other slow connection malfunctions; AJAX debugging; AMF displaying contents of Flash Remoting or Flex Remoting as a tree.

Back-end changes can be tested through repeated requests. Different inputs are also verifiable by editing requests. HTML, CSS, and RSS responses are validated using the W3C checker.

Every feature comes out of the box, with system and browser proxy settings auto-configured.

• SSL Proxying view SSL requests and responses in plain text
  
• Bandwidth Throttling to simulate slower Internet connections including latency
  
• AJAX debugging view XML and JSON requests and responses as a tree or as text
• AMF view the contents of Flash Remoting / Flex Remoting messages as a tree
• Repeat requests to test back-end changes
  
• Edit requests to test different inputs
• Breakpoints to intercept and edit requests or responses
• Validate recorded HTML, CSS and RSS/atom responses using the W3C validator

Charlesis a proxy and HTTP monitor aimed at developers that makes it possible to monitor absolutely all the traffic that is generated between a computer and the Internet, including among others petitions, answers and HTTP headings, and even including the cookies and cache information.

Register and show all the data that is sent and received.

CharlesWeb Debugging Proxy allows your computer to connect to the Internet via a proxy to check what's happening between the browser and the server, perfect to detect errors and bugs in a project. Use Charles to optimize your tasks and be able to easily detect where the errors are to solve them later.

Features

• View SSL requests and responses as plain text.
• Limit the bandwidth artificially to simulate slow Internet connections, including lag.
• AJAX debugging – including the possibility to view XML and JSON requests and responses as text or tree.
• View the contents of 'Flash Remoting' and 'Flex Remoting' messages.
• Repeat requests and test new back-end changes.
• Edit requests to test different entries.
• Validate recorded HTML, CSS and RSS responses using the W3C validation tool.
• Export the information in CVS files to analyze it in detail.
• Create blacklists with sites that will have their petitions blocked.

Control all your data traffic

When you develop a web application a traffic control tool is essential. Because it's only by using tools like Charles that you'll be able to view the data traffic in detail: charles download of LoadVariables and LoadMovie volumes, XML uploads, JavaScript files, CSS, etc.

Convinced? Start downloadingCharles proxy and easily find out what is going on between filehorse avast server and your PC.

Requirements and additional information:

What is Charles Proxy?

Charles Proxy sits between your app and the Internet. All networking requests and responses will be passed through Charles Proxy, so you’ll be able to inspect and even change data midstream to test how your app responds.

Installation

Go to Charles Proxy Download page and charles download the instructions to download and install it on your computer.

Configuring Charles Proxy

In order for any browser (or any application) to use Charles, it must be configured to use Charles as its proxy server.

Windows Proxy Settings

Make sure "Windows Proxy" is checked and "Mozilla Driver easy crack Proxy" is not checked under the Proxy menu item.

Mac OS Proxy Settings

Make sure "macOS Proxy" is checked and "Mozilla Firefox Proxy" is not checked  under the Proxy menu item.

SSL Certificates

The following instructions are for different browsers to help you trust your Charles Root Certificate so you wouldn't see certificate warnings.

Windows / Internet Explorer

In Charles go to the Help menu and choose "SSL Proxying > Install Charles Root Certificate". A window will appear warning you that the CA Root certificate is not trusted.

Click the "Install Certificate" button to launch the Certificate Import Wizard. The certificate must be imported into the "Trusted Root Certification Authorities" certificate store, so override the automatic certificate store selection.

Complete the wizard and your Charles Root Certificate is now installed. You may need to restart IE before the installation takes affect.

Mozilla Firefox

First, charles download, ensure that Firefox is connected to Charles. You should see browsing from Firefox being recorded in Charles.

Visit nkc.com.pk in Anytoiso converter pro. You will be presented with a certificate import dialog. Tick the option "Trust this CA to identify websites" and complete the import.

macOS

In Charles go to the Help menu and choose "SSL Proxying > Install Charles Root Certificate". Keychain Access will open. Find the "Charles Proxy" entry, and double-click to get info on it. Expand the "Trust" section, charles download, and besides "When using this certificate" change it from "Use System Defaults" to "Always Trust". Then close the certificate info window, and you will be prompted for your Administrator password to update the system trust settings.

You may need to quit and reopen Safari to see the change.

Google Chrome

On macOS, please follow the instructions for the macOS above. These instructions only apply to Windows.

1. In Charles go to the Help menu and choose "SSL Proxying > Save Charles Root Certificate". Save the root certificate as a Binary Certificate (.cer) to your desktop, or somewhere where you can easily access it in the next step. 

2. In Chrome, open the Settings. At the bottom of the settings page, click "Advanced" to open the advanced section, then click the "Manage certificates…" button.

3. Go to the "Trusted Root Certification Authorities" tab and click "Import…".

4. Find the certificate file you saved from Charles in the previous charles download, then click Next and Finish, leaving the default options, charles download, until you complete the import. Chrome will now always trust certificates signed by Charles.

5. After importing you can delete the certificate file that you saved.

Capturing logs

To start or stop recording click on the corresponding toolbar icon or under Charles download menu item with "Start Recording" and "Stop Recording" actions. Once started you can use any browser charles download go to nkc.com.pk for example and search for "Testlio" to get some traffic to appear.

Saving logs

Once you've stopped recording you can save your session by choosing File > Save Session.

Charles is an HTTP proxy, monitor, and reverse proxy that lets developers view HTTP and SSL traffic from their machines. Web browsers access the internet through this software so that users can diagnose excess traffic and fix the problem.

Regarding time efficiency, debugging is as fast and reliable as possible.

Features include SSL Proxying, useful to view SSL requests in plain text; bandwidth throttling simulating latency and other slow connection malfunctions; AJAX debugging; AMF displaying contents of Flash Remoting or Flex Remoting as a tree.

Back-end changes can be tested through repeated requests. Different inputs are also verifiable by editing requests. HTML, CSS, and RSS responses are validated using the W3C checker.

Every feature comes out of the box, with system and browser proxy settings auto-configured.

• SSL Proxying view SSL requests and responses in plain text
  
• Bandwidth Throttling charles download simulate slower Internet connections including latency
  
• AJAX debugging view XML and JSON requests and responses as a tree or as text
• AMF view the contents charles download Flash Remoting / Flex Remoting messages as a tree
• Repeat requests to test back-end changes
  
• Edit requests to test different inputs
• Breakpoints to charles download and edit requests or responses
• Validate recorded HTML, CSS and RSS/atom responses using the W3C validator

Java based proxy tool

Charles is a powerful HTTP proxy/HTTP monitor/Reverse Proxy tool that enables a developer to view all of the HTTP traffic between a computer and the Internet.

Charles allows developers to view requests, responses and HTTP headers which contain crucial cookie and caching information, charles download. It's very useful for enabling debugging the content of HTTPS sessions. It works by simulating modem speeds by effectively throttling bandwidth and introducing latency so that developers can experience an entire website as a modem user would.

For this reason, Charles is especially useful for Macromedia Flash developers as it makes it possible to view the contents of LoadVariables, LoadMovie, XML loads etc. Finally, Charles is useful for XML development in web browsers, such as AJAX (Asynchronous Javascript and XML) and XMLHTTP.

Charles is a useful tool for any developer that needs to view HTTP proxies on their Mac.

Charles Sturt University provides free software for you to download, install and use on your own computer/device whilst studying, including:

Discounted software is also available through the Student Discounts page.

Device Software Updates

We recommend that you keep your devices up to date. Updates for Windows and Apple are delivered automatically to your computer however regular check-ups to ensure that your devices are fully updated is recommended.

Adobe Reader

There are many resources provided as PDF charles download at Charles Sturt University. Adobe Reader is the program you need to open and view these files. The Google Toolbar is an optional part of the download and is not required to open and view PDF files.

Sophos (Antivirus Software)

Keep your computer safe from threats when accessing the internet and transferring files between computers by having installed and up to date antivirus software. We recommend using the Sophos free solution called SOPHOS Home.

Microsoft Office

Microsoft Office allows you to install Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook and OneNote for free on up to 5 PC's or Mac's and Office apps on Android, charles download, Apple and Windows mobile devices.

Qualitative Research (NVivo)

NVivo is a qualitative data analysis (QDA) computer software package. It has been charles download for qualitative researchers working with very rich text-based and/or multimedia information where deep levels of analysis on small or large volumes of data are required.

Find more information and install NVivo for Windows or ReDominator Free Activate Management (EndNote)

A bibliographic citation program, charles download, allowing references and footnotes to be translated into a variety of standard formats.

The Charles Sturt University Library EndNote LibGuide includes links to training materials, user guides and further support. Uninstall charles download remove any older versions installed on your computer, charles download. For system requirements and Word processor compatibility, charles download, e.g. Microsoft Word versions, visit nkc.com.pk

Download Endnote for Windows or Mac

Please note - EndNote and OneDrive are currently incompatible. Using OneDrive to store your EndNote library and Word documents with EndNote cite-while-you-write (CWYW) references will result in a corrupted library and documents. For more information - please contact your local faculty liaison team.

Disclaimer

Charles Sturt University is unable to provide any assistance, support or be held responsible for any problems when downloading, charles download, installing or uninstalling software on your computer.

Downloading files on campus from external websites during peak periods will reduce your internet quota balance. Files downloaded during off peak periods will not reduce your quota.

What is Charles Proxy?

Charles Proxy sits between your app and the Internet. All networking requests and responses will be passed through Charles Proxy, so you’ll be able to inspect and even change data midstream to test how your app responds.

Installation

Go to Charles Proxy Download page and follow the instructions to download and install it on your computer.

Configuring Charles Proxy

In order for any browser (or any application) to use Charles, it must be configured to use Charles as its proxy server.

Windows Proxy Settings

Make sure "Windows Proxy" is checked and "Mozilla Firefox Proxy" is not checked under the Proxy menu item.

Mac OS Proxy Settings

Make sure "macOS Proxy" is checked and "Mozilla Firefox Proxy" is not checked  under the Proxy menu item.

SSL Certificates

The following instructions are for different browsers to help you trust your Charles Root Certificate so you wouldn't see certificate warnings.

Windows / Internet Explorer

In Charles go to the Help menu and choose "SSL Proxying > Install Charles Root Certificate". A window will appear warning you that the CA Root certificate is not trusted.

Click the "Install Certificate" button to launch the Certificate Import Wizard. The certificate must be imported into the "Trusted Root Certification Authorities" certificate store, so override the automatic certificate store selection.

Complete the wizard and your Charles Root Certificate is now installed. You may need to restart IE before the installation takes affect.

Mozilla Firefox

First, ensure that Firefox is connected to Charles. You should see browsing from Firefox being recorded in Charles.

Visit nkc.com.pk in Firefox. You will be presented with a certificate import dialog. Tick the option "Trust this CA to identify websites" and complete the import.

macOS

In Charles go to the Help menu and choose "SSL Proxying > Install Charles Root Certificate". Keychain Access will open. Find the "Charles Proxy" entry, and double-click to get info on it. Expand the "Trust" section, and besides "When using this certificate" change it from "Use System Defaults" to "Always Trust". Then close the certificate info window, and you will be prompted for your Administrator password to update the system trust settings.

You may need to quit and reopen Safari to see the change.

Google Chrome

On macOS, please follow the instructions for the macOS above. These instructions only apply to Windows.

1. In Charles go to the Help menu and choose "SSL Proxying > Save Charles Root Certificate". Save the root certificate as a Binary Certificate (.cer) to your desktop, or somewhere where you can easily access it in the next step. 

2. In Chrome, open the Settings. At the bottom of the settings page, click "Advanced" to open the advanced section, then click the "Manage certificates…" button.

3. Go to the "Trusted Root Certification Authorities" tab and click "Import…".

4. Find the certificate file you saved from Charles in the previous step, then click Next and Finish, leaving the default options, until you complete the import. Chrome will now always trust certificates signed by Charles.

5. After importing you can delete the certificate file that you saved.

Capturing logs

To start or stop recording click on the corresponding toolbar icon or under Proxy menu item with "Start Recording" and "Stop Recording" actions. Once started you can use any browser to go to nkc.com.pk for example and search for "Testlio" to get some traffic to appear.

Saving logs

Once you've stopped recording you can save your session by choosing File > Save Session.

Charles is an HTTP proxy, monitor, and reverse proxy that lets developers view HTTP and SSL traffic from their machines. Web browsers access the internet through this software so that users can diagnose excess traffic and fix the problem.

Regarding time efficiency, debugging is as fast and reliable as possible.

Features include SSL Proxying, useful to view SSL requests in plain text; bandwidth throttling simulating latency and other slow connection malfunctions; AJAX debugging; AMF displaying contents of Flash Remoting or Flex Remoting as a tree.

Back-end changes can be tested through repeated requests. Different inputs are also verifiable by editing requests. HTML, CSS, and RSS responses are validated using the W3C checker.

Every feature comes out of the box, with system and browser proxy settings auto-configured.

• SSL Proxying view SSL requests and responses in plain text
  
• Bandwidth Throttling to simulate slower Internet connections including latency
  
• AJAX debugging view XML and JSON requests and responses as a tree or as text
• AMF view the contents of Flash Remoting / Flex Remoting messages as a tree
• Repeat requests to test back-end changes
  
• Edit requests to test different inputs
• Breakpoints to intercept and edit requests or responses
• Validate recorded HTML, CSS and RSS/atom responses using the W3C validator

Charles Sturt University provides free software for you to download, install and use on your own computer/device whilst studying, including:

Discounted software is also available through the Student Discounts page.

Device Software Updates

We recommend that you keep your devices up to date. Updates for Windows and Apple are delivered automatically to your computer however regular check-ups to ensure that your devices are fully updated is recommended.

Adobe Reader

There are many resources provided as PDF files at Charles Sturt University. Adobe Reader is the program you need to open and view these files. The Google Toolbar is an optional part of the download and is not required to open and view PDF files.

Sophos (Antivirus Software)

Keep your computer safe from threats when accessing the internet and transferring files between computers by having installed and up to date antivirus software. We recommend using the Sophos free solution called SOPHOS Home.

Microsoft Office

Microsoft Office allows you to install Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook and OneNote for free on up to 5 PC's or Mac's and Office apps on Android, Apple and Windows mobile devices.

Qualitative Research (NVivo)

NVivo is a qualitative data analysis (QDA) computer software package. It has been designed for qualitative researchers working with very rich text-based and/or multimedia information where deep levels of analysis on small or large volumes of data are required.

Find more information and install NVivo for Windows or Mac.

Reference Management (EndNote)

A bibliographic citation program, allowing references and footnotes to be translated into a variety of standard formats.

The Charles Sturt University Library EndNote LibGuide includes links to training materials, user guides and further support. Uninstall or remove any older versions installed on your computer. For system requirements and Word processor compatibility, e.g. Microsoft Word versions, visit nkc.com.pk

Download Endnote for Windows or Mac

Please note - EndNote and OneDrive are currently incompatible. Using OneDrive to store your EndNote library and Word documents with EndNote cite-while-you-write (CWYW) references will result in a corrupted library and documents. For more information - please contact your local faculty liaison team.

Disclaimer

Charles Sturt University is unable to provide any assistance, support or be held responsible for any problems when downloading, installing or uninstalling software on your computer.

Downloading files on campus from external websites during peak periods will reduce your internet quota balance. Files downloaded during off peak periods will not reduce your quota.

Charlesis a proxy and HTTP monitor aimed at developers that makes it possible to monitor absolutely all the traffic that is generated between a computer and the Internet, including among others petitions, answers and HTTP headings, and even including the cookies and cache information.

Register and show all the data that is sent and received.

CharlesWeb Debugging Proxy allows your computer to connect to the Internet via a proxy to check what's happening between the browser and the server, perfect to detect errors and bugs in a project. Use Charles to optimize your tasks and be able to easily detect where the errors are to solve them later.

Features

• View SSL requests and responses as plain text.
• Limit the bandwidth artificially to simulate slow Internet connections, including lag.
• AJAX debugging – including the possibility to view XML and JSON requests and responses as text or tree.
• View the contents of 'Flash Remoting' and 'Flex Remoting' messages.
• Repeat requests and test new back-end changes.
• Edit requests to test different entries.
• Validate recorded HTML, CSS and RSS responses using the W3C validation tool.
• Export the information in CVS files to analyze it in detail.
• Create blacklists with sites that will have their petitions blocked.

Control all your data traffic

When you develop a web application a traffic control tool is essential. Because it's only by using tools like Charles that you'll be able to view the data traffic in detail: contents of LoadVariables and LoadMovie volumes, XML uploads, JavaScript files, CSS, etc.

Convinced? Start downloadingCharles proxy and easily find out what is going on between your server and your PC.

Requirements and additional information:

Java based proxy tool

Charles is a powerful HTTP proxy/HTTP monitor/Reverse Proxy tool that enables a developer to view all of the HTTP traffic between a computer and the Internet.

Charles allows developers to view requests, responses and HTTP headers which contain crucial cookie and caching information. It's very useful for enabling debugging the content of HTTPS sessions. It works by simulating modem speeds by effectively throttling bandwidth and introducing latency so that developers can experience an entire website as a modem user would.

For this reason, Charles is especially useful for Macromedia Flash developers as it makes it possible to view the contents of LoadVariables, LoadMovie, XML loads etc. Finally, Charles is useful for XML development in web browsers, such as AJAX (Asynchronous Javascript and XML) and XMLHTTP.

Charles is a useful tool for any developer that needs to view HTTP proxies on their Mac.